Rowland Ward and Safari Club International (SCI) are the two most recognized trophy record‑keeping organizations in the global hunting community. Rowland Ward, founded in London in the late 1800s by taxidermist Rowland Ward, created the first comprehensive big game record book, ‘Records of Big Game’. Its measurement system focuses primarily on a single defining measurement such as horn length, tusk weight, or skull size.

Safari Club International (SCI) was founded in 1971 and developed its own scoring system to document trophy animals taken around the world. Unlike Rowland Ward, SCI scoring often combines multiple measurements (such as horn length and base circumference) to produce a total score. Both SCI and Rowland Ward record books are widely used by hunters and professional hunters to benchmark exceptional trophies and compare animals across regions and species.